A CNC lathe follows programmed instructions to machine a part with a high degree of automation. The following describes its basic operation:
1. The machine combines electrical signals, mechanical and hydraulic control, and microelectronics. Its control system interprets coded instructions and converts them into commands for the machine.
 

2. A programmer enters the part and process information at the control interface. Before machining, the operator determines the process, tooling and fixtures, and programs the toolpath, cutting direction and depth.
 

3. The programmer reviews the part geometry, dimensions and process requirements together with the machine specifications and control functions, then selects an appropriate machining method and toolpath.